This study, our main topic is to devlop a new deep-learning approachs for plant leaf disease identification and detection using leaf image datasets. We also discussed the challenges facing current methods of leaf disease detection and how deep learning may be used to overcome these challenges and enhance the accuracy of disease detection. Therefore, we have proposed a novel method for the detection of various leaf diseases in crops, along with the identification and description of an efficient network architecture that encompasses hyperparameters and optimization methods. The effectiveness of different architectures was compared and evaluated to see the best architecture configuration and to create an effective model that can quickly detect leaf disease. In addition to the work done on pre-trained models, we proposed a new model based on CNN, which provides an efficient method for identifying and detecting plant leaf disease. Furthermore, we evaluated the efficacy of our model and compared the results to those of some pre-trained state-of-the-art architectures.

Identifying mutations of SARS-CoV-2 strains associated with their phenotypic changes is critical for pandemic prediction and prevention. We compared an explainable convolutional neural network (CNN) approach and the traditional genome-wide association study (GWAS) on the mutations associated with WHO labels of SARS-CoV-2, a proxy for virulence phenotypes. We trained a CNN classification model that can predict genomic sequences into Variants of Concern (VOCs) and then applied Shapley Additive explanations (SHAP) model to identify mutations that are important for the correct predictions. For comparison, we performed traditional GWAS to identify mutations associated with VOCs. Comparison of the two approaches shows that the explainable neural network approach can more effectively reveal known nucleotide substitutions associated with VOCs, such as those in the spike gene regions. Our results suggest that explainable neural networks for genomic sequences offer a promising alternative to the traditional genome wide analysis approaches.

The application of Artificial Intelligence in the medical market brings up increasing concerns but aids in more timely diagnosis of silent progressing diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy. In order to diagnose Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), ophthalmologists use color fundus images, or pictures of the back of the retina, to identify small distinct features through a difficult and time-consuming process. Our work creates a novel CNN model and identifies the severity of DR through fundus image input. We classified 4 known DR features, including micro-aneurysms, cotton wools, exudates, and hemorrhages, through convolutional layers and were able to provide an accurate diagnostic without additional user input. The proposed model is more interpretable and robust to overfitting. We present initial results with a sensitivity of 97% and an accuracy of 71%. Our contribution is an interpretable model with similar accuracy to more complex models. With that, our model advances the field of DR detection and proves to be a key step towards AI-focused medical diagnosis.

With the rapid development of big data and edge computing, many researchers focus on improving the accuracy of bearing fault classification using deep learning models, and implementing the deep learning classification model on limited resource platforms such as STM32. To this end, this paper realizes the identification of bearing fault vibration signal based on convolutional neural network, the fault identification accuracy of the optimised model can reach 98.9%. In addition, this paper successfully applies the convolutional neural network model to STM32H743VI microcontroller, the running time of each diagnosis is 19ms. Finally, a complete real-time communication framework between the host computer and the STM32 is designed, which can perfectly complete the data transmission through the serial port and display the diagnosis results on the TFT-LCD screen.

Two of the most popular Python-based deep learning libraries are PyTorch and TensorFlow. It may be difficult for a novice machine learning practitioner to decide which one to use when working with a deep learning model. You may be completely unaware of the distinctions, making it impossible for you to make an informed decision. We will look at some of those differences in practice in this article by creating a classifier by using both frameworks for the same problem-solving. Finally, we will conclude how the similar models defined to address the same problem but using different infrastructure defer in results.

In this dataset, we were provided three directories, namely "Train", "Test" and "Val" i.e Validation. Here, each directory consists of three entities that store some information about that image. Hence, as we are already provided with the separate training, validation, and test data, there is no need to split this dataset anymore. So, we can directly load all the data by defining a simple loading function as described below. For this classification model, we defined a convolutional neural network model with "ReLU" as an activation function.

In this article, we will try to implement the basic CNN model with the Keras framework. The benefit of the convolutional neural network is that it reduces or minimizes the dimension and parameters of images by retaining maximum information so that the training process becomes fast and takes less computation power. We will try to implement the code in google colab with a step-by-step process. Why we are using CNN? The main concern of using the convolutional neural network is for the images that previous algorithms are not so much suitable for bulk images dataset and retaining the image information.

Preventable or undiagnosed visual impairment and blindness affect billion of people worldwide. Automated multi-disease detection models offer great potential to address this problem via clinical decision support in diagnosis. In this work, we proposed an innovative multi-disease detection pipeline for retinal imaging which utilizes ensemble learning to combine the predictive capabilities of several heterogeneous deep convolutional neural network models. Our pipeline includes state-of-the-art strategies like transfer learning, class weighting, real-time image augmentation and Focal loss utilization. Furthermore, we integrated ensemble learning techniques like heterogeneous deep learning models, bagging via 5-fold cross-validation and stacked logistic regression models. Through internal and external evaluation, we were able to validate and demonstrate high accuracy and reliability of our pipeline, as well as the comparability with other state-of-the-art pipelines for retinal disease prediction.

It is a branch of Machine Learning which uses a simulation of the human brain which is known as neural networks. These neural networks are made up of neurons that are similar to the fundamental unit of the human brain. The neurons make up a neural network model and this field of study altogether is named deep learning. The end result of a neural network is called a deep learning model. Mostly, in deep learning, unstructured data is used from which the deep learning model extracts features on its own by repeated training on the data.

Clothes shopping is a taxing experience. My eyes get bombarded with too much information. Sales, coupons, colors, toddlers, flashing lights, and crowded aisles are just a few examples of all the signals forwarded to my visual cortex, whether or not I actively try to pay attention. The visual system absorbs an abundance of information. Should I go for that H&M khaki pants?